Essam , F. ., & salam, karam. (2024). The study examined the effectiveness of intense special exercises, combined with intermittent electrical stimulation, in alleviating lower back pain in professors aged 50-60 years at the College of Science, University of Baghdad. Journal of Physical Education, 36(3), 560-570. https://doi.org/10.37359/JOPE.V36(3)2024.2030