Analytical Study of The Physical and Cognitive Skills of Tennis Referees From The Perspective of The Supervising Committee

Abstract

This study aimed to identify the effect of special exercises using weighted balls of varying masses and elastic resistance bands in futsal on perceptual abilities specifically the Nelson test of motor response (right and left) and perceptual motor coordination among players of the Baghdad Education (Al-Karkh II) team aged 15–16 years. The study was motivated by the observed weakness in perceptual abilities among players in the inter education directorates league. The researcher adopted an experimental approach using a pre-test/post-test design with two groups (experimental and control). The research population consisted of 60 players from six Baghdad Education Directorates while the study sample included 10 players representing 17% of the total population. The main experiment was conducted at the Al-Bayaa Youth Forum field to the Baghdad Provincial Council from 8/6/2025 to 3/8/2025 with three training units per week . The results indicated statistically significant differences between the pre- and post-tests in favor of the post-test demonstrating the effectiveness of using varied weighted balls and elastic resistance bands and their positive impact on developing perceptual abilities when incorporated into educational or training programs .