Modeling the Causal Relationship Between Situational Awareness and Some Basic Skills in Futsal Among Students
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37359/JOPE.V38(SpecialIssue)2026.2618Keywords:
Situational awareness, Futsal, Basic skillsAbstract
This study aimed to develop a causal relationship model and identify the direct and indirect effects of situational awareness on some basic futsal skills among fourth-year students at the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Al-Qadisiyah University during the academic year 2025–2026. The research problem stemmed from observing student training sessions, revealing a significant disparity in cognitive abilities and skill-based decision-making despite their similar technical levels. The researcher employed a descriptive methodology using both survey and correlational approaches. The research population consisted of 100 students randomly selected and divided into construction pilot (20 students) and application (60 students) samples. A 14-item situational awareness scale was adapted for the sports context and its validity and reliability were verified (the corrected split-half reliability coefficient was 0.819 and Cronbach's Alpha was 0.866). The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) and AMOS software (v.24) were used to analyze the data. The results showed that students possessed a high level of situational awareness with a mean score of 33.090 and a standard deviation of 4.856. The study recommended incorporating the causal model into educational and training curricula to link cognitive-psychological factors with technical skill performance in futsal.
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