Construction and Standardization of a Static Balance Test for Body Muscle Strength during the Preparatory Phase in the Shot Put Event for Female Students of the College of Physical Education and Sport Sciences
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37359/JOPE.V38(SpecialIssue)2026.2419الكلمات المفتاحية:
Static Balance، Body Muscle Strength، Preparatory Phase in the Shot Put Eventالملخص
The present study aimed to construct and standardize a static balance test for body muscle strength during the preparatory phase of the shot put event for female students of the College of Physical Education and Sport Sciences. The researchers adopted a descriptive research approach using the survey method. The study population consisted of first-year female students from the Colleges of Physical Education and Sport Sciences at the University of Baghdad (Women’s College and Al-Jadriya Campus) for the academic year (2024–2025), totaling (203) students. Prior to data collection, (7) students from the Women’s College and (10) students from the Al-Jadriya College were excluded due to reasons that did not meet the purposes of the study, including failure in the previous academic year, irregular attendance, and sports injuries. Accordingly, the remaining population comprised (186) students, who represented the construction and standardization sample. After completing the procedural and statistical processes of test construction and standardization, the data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The conclusions and recommendations indicated that the static balance test for body muscle strength is valid for its intended purpose of measuring the ability of first-year female students in the College of Physical Education and Sport Sciences to maintain static balance and withstand specific muscle strength from a stationary position during the preparatory phase (initial position) of the shot put. The test demonstrated appropriate scientific bases and measurement coefficients in accordance with accepted measurement and evaluation criteria. It can be used to assess first-year female students through six criterion-referenced normative levels achieved by the test. The study also emphasized the importance of benefiting from the construction and standardization of specialized tests for physical and motor abilities related to the technical performance phases of the shot put, and of adopting such tests in evaluating female students in track and field courses within colleges of physical education and sport sciences. Furthermore, greater attention should be given to training faculty members through continuing education programs on the application of the test and the calculation of its scores.
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