The Effect of Refereeing Situations Using Communication Device on Some Environmental Perceptions of Volleyball Referees

Abstract

The research aimed at identifying some refereeing situations using communication device on some environmental perceptions in elite volleyball referees in Iraq. The subjects were (70) elite volleyball referees from the Iraqi central volleyball federation of the season 2018 – 2019; only (12) referees were selected and divided into two equal groups. The pre-tests were conducted on 24/8/2019 for measuring environmental perceptions followed by many tests to come up with the conclusions. The researchers concluded the communication device has a positive effect on refereeing situations and recommended using this device during matches.